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  5. ENZYMATIC TRANSFORMATION OF ORGANIC RESIDUES IN SOILS CONTAMINATED WITH HEAVY METALS

ENZYMATIC TRANSFORMATION OF ORGANIC RESIDUES IN SOILS CONTAMINATED WITH HEAVY METALS

DOI

10.24411/1816-1863-2019-11075

Section

Geoecology

Title

ENZYMATIC TRANSFORMATION OF ORGANIC RESIDUES IN SOILS CONTAMINATED WITH HEAVY METALS

Сontributors
  1. E. I. Novoselova, Dr. of Sc. (Biol.), Professor at the Bashkir State University, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it., Ufa,
  2. O.O. Volkova, Graduate Student at the Bashkir State University, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it., Ufa, R. R. Turyanova, Ph. D. (Biol.), Associate Professor at the Bashkir State University, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it., Ufa
Abstract

The effect of heavy metals of hazard class I on the activity of redox enzymes of three soil types: ordinary chernozem, alluvial meadow and urban soil, selected on the territory of the Republic of Bashkorstan, was investigated. In a model laboratory experiment, they studied the dynamics of changes in the activity of peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase upon the introduction of various doses of lead and cadmium at 3, 90, 180 and 360 days from the beginning of the experiment. The high sensitivity of peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase starting from small doses of metals was shown. In general, peroxidase activity increased with an increase in the content of toxicants, polyphenol oxidase — decreased, which characterizes the imbalance of the transformation of organic residues occurring with their participation in contaminated soils relative to the control, increasing with increasing doses. According to the reaction of peroxidase activity on the introduction of lead and cadmium, starting from the middle of the experiment, the soil can be placed in the following descending series: Alluvial > Black Soil > Urbanozem. With respect to polyphenol oxidase, no single pattern was found. The indicator characterizing the direction of the processes of transformation of organic matter in the soil, with the participation of these enzymes, based on the “coefficient of humification” proposed by A. I. Chonderova.

Keywords

heavy metals, pollution, lead, cadmium, soil enzymes, peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase, biodiagnostics.

References
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