CITY PLANNING PRACTICES FOR BRINGING DOWN AIR POLLUTION FROM MOTOR VEHICLES IN URBAN ENVIRONMENTS

Section

Urban Planning and Rural Planning

Title

Section	Urban Planning and Rural Planning
Title	CITY PLANNING PRACTICES FOR BRINGING DOWN AIR POLLUTION FROM MOTOR VEHICLES IN URBAN ENVIRONMENTS
Сontributors	V. V. Balakin, Cand. of Tech. Sci., Associate Professor of FGBOU VPO Volgograd State University of Architecture & Civil Engineering (VolgGASU), This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it., V. F. Sidorenko, D. of Tech. Sci., Professor, Head of the Department of FGBOU VPO VolgGASU, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it., I.V. Sidorenko, Cand. of Tech. Sci., Associate Professor of FGBOU VPO VolgGASU, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it., A. A. Abroskin, Graduate student of FGBOU VPO VolgGASU, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
Abstract	The article deals with the environmental problems arising in urban environments from steeply growing number of motor vehicles. It highlights the dependency of the changes in the rate and pattern of environmentally induced morbidity on the air pollution from motor vehicle exhaust. Wind speed and building pattern are described as the main factors affecting formation of pollution aggregation zones. Large-scale physical modeling has been used to define the influence of the street width and density of buildings on its sides on the air flow transformations. A rationale is established for optimum development practices to avoid dangerous air pollution. The article points out the positive effect on air quality from bypass roads routed into non-residential zones, and from allocated traffic-free areas in city centers.
Keywords	automobile transport, exhaust, wind speed, planning and development practices.
References	1. Fokin S. G. Evaluation of impact of carcinogenic air pollutants on Moscow population // Hygiena and Sanitation. — 2010. — No. 1. — P. 18—21 (in Russian). 2. Rodivilova O. V. Estimation of impact from motor transport on urban environments (as in the case of City of Ivanovo, Russia). Cand. tech. sci. diss. Ivanovo, 1999 (in Russian). 3. Morozova L. N., Voskun S. E., Bazerov M. A., Svechina N. N. Public health in environmentally unfriendly urban districts // Hygiena and Sanitation. — 1998. — No. 1. — P. 34—7 (in Russian). 4. Lykov I. N. Automobile transport and urban environment // Ecology of Urban Areas. — 2013. — No. 3. — P. 37—41 (in Russian). 5. Vankevich R. E. Application of methods of system analysis and GIS technologies in determining qualitative correlations in the «motor transport/urban environment / [public] health» system. Cand. tech. sci. diss. St. Petersburg. 2003 (in Russian). 6. Grigoryev Yu. I., Ershov A. V., Silin I. I. Ambient air quality and child morbidity // Hygiena and Sanitation. —2010. — No. 4. — P. 28—31 (in Russian). 7. Khachatryan T. S. Quantitative estimation of correlation between children health data and environment factors // Hygiena and Sanitation. — 1983. — No. 7. — P. 18—20 (in Russian). 8. Mogosova N. N., Vorob'eva T. A. Special Aspects of Estimation of ambient Air Pollution with Notrogen dioxide from Mobile Sources // Ecology of Urban Areas. — 2014. — No. 1. — P. 83—8 (in Russian). 9. Verevina M. L., Rusakov N. V., Zhukova T. V., Gruzdeva O. A. Estimation of Sickness Rates among Populations in Connection with their Living Conditions // Hygiena and Sanitation. — 2010. — No. 3. — P. 21—25 (in Russian). 10. Sebeleva S. A., Khutorskoy M. D. Numeric simulation of above-ground air pollution from automobile emissions // Actual Problems of Ecology and Nature Management: Proceeding of all-Russian Conference. — Moscow. — 2000. — P. 228—233 (in Russian). I. Retter E. I. Aerodynamics in Architecture and Construction. — Moscow: Stroyizdat. — 1984. — 294 p. (in Russian). 1. Addison Paul S., Currie John I., Low David J., McCann Joanna M. An Integrated Approach to Street Canyon Pollution Modeling // Environmental Monitoring and Assessment. — 2000. — Vol. 65. — No. 1—2. — P. 333—342. 2. Serebrovskiy F. L. Aeration of Populated Areas. — Moscow: Stroyizdat. — 1985. — 172 p. (in Russian) 3. Kandror I. S., Demina D. M., Ratner E. M. Physiological Principles of Sanitary-climatic Zoning of the USSR Areas. — Moscow: Meditsina. — 1974. — 176 p. (in Russian).

Сontributors

V. V. Balakin, Cand. of Tech. Sci., Associate Professor of FGBOU VPO Volgograd State University of Architecture & Civil Engineering (VolgGASU), This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.,

V. F. Sidorenko, D. of Tech. Sci., Professor, Head of the Department of FGBOU VPO VolgGASU, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.,

I.V. Sidorenko, Cand. of Tech. Sci., Associate Professor of FGBOU VPO VolgGASU, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.,

A. A. Abroskin, Graduate student of FGBOU VPO VolgGASU, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

Abstract

The article deals with the environmental problems arising in urban environments from steeply growing number of motor vehicles. It highlights the dependency of the changes in the rate and pattern of environmentally induced morbidity on the air pollution from motor vehicle exhaust. Wind speed and building pattern are described as the main factors affecting formation of pollution aggregation zones. Large-scale physical modeling has been used to define the influence of the street width and density of buildings on its sides on the air flow transformations. A rationale is established for optimum development practices to avoid dangerous air pollution. The article points out the positive effect on air quality from bypass roads routed into non-residential zones, and from allocated traffic-free areas in city centers.

Keywords

automobile transport, exhaust, wind speed, planning and development practices.

References

1. Fokin S. G. Evaluation of impact of carcinogenic air pollutants on Moscow population // Hygiena and Sanitation. — 2010. — No. 1. — P. 18—21 (in Russian).

2. Rodivilova O. V. Estimation of impact from motor transport on urban environments (as in the case of City of Ivanovo, Russia). Cand. tech. sci. diss. Ivanovo, 1999 (in Russian).

3. Morozova L. N., Voskun S. E., Bazerov M. A., Svechina N. N. Public health in environmentally unfriendly urban districts // Hygiena and Sanitation. — 1998. — No. 1. — P. 34—7 (in Russian).

4. Lykov I. N. Automobile transport and urban environment // Ecology of Urban Areas. — 2013. — No. 3. — P. 37—41 (in Russian).

5. Vankevich R. E. Application of methods of system analysis and GIS technologies in determining qualitative correlations in the «motor transport/urban environment / [public] health» system. Cand. tech. sci. diss. St. Petersburg. 2003 (in Russian).

6. Grigoryev Yu. I., Ershov A. V., Silin I. I. Ambient air quality and child morbidity // Hygiena and Sanitation. —2010. — No. 4. — P. 28—31 (in Russian).

7. Khachatryan T. S. Quantitative estimation of correlation between children health data and environment factors // Hygiena and Sanitation. — 1983. — No. 7. — P. 18—20 (in Russian).

8. Mogosova N. N., Vorob'eva T. A. Special Aspects of Estimation of ambient Air Pollution with Notrogen dioxide from Mobile Sources // Ecology of Urban Areas. — 2014. — No. 1. — P. 83—8 (in Russian).

9. Verevina M. L., Rusakov N. V., Zhukova T. V., Gruzdeva O. A. Estimation of Sickness Rates among Populations in Connection with their Living Conditions // Hygiena and Sanitation. — 2010. — No. 3. — P. 21—25 (in Russian).

10. Sebeleva S. A., Khutorskoy M. D. Numeric simulation of above-ground air pollution from automobile emissions // Actual Problems of Ecology and Nature Management: Proceeding of all-Russian Conference. — Moscow. — 2000. — P. 228—233 (in Russian).

I. Retter E. I. Aerodynamics in Architecture and Construction. — Moscow: Stroyizdat. — 1984. — 294 p. (in Russian).

1. Addison Paul S., Currie John I., Low David J., McCann Joanna M. An Integrated Approach to Street Canyon Pollution Modeling // Environmental Monitoring and Assessment. — 2000. — Vol. 65. — No. 1—2. — P. 333—342.

2. Serebrovskiy F. L. Aeration of Populated Areas. — Moscow: Stroyizdat. — 1985. — 172 p. (in Russian)

3. Kandror I. S., Demina D. M., Ratner E. M. Physiological Principles of Sanitary-climatic Zoning of the USSR Areas. — Moscow: Meditsina. — 1974. — 176 p. (in Russian).